{"language_default":"de","language_more":[],"ikmk_id":"2643","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Gordianus II.","inventory_number":"I-3230","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/object?id=ID2643","permalink_source":"","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":58,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/58","publisher_name":"TU Freiberg","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-105","publisher_isil_short":"DE-105","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-105\/ID2643","legalBodyWeblink":"http:\/\/tu-freiberg.de\/universitaet\/einrichtungen\/sammlungen-tubaf\/kunst-und-kulturgut\/kunstbesitz\/sammlung-muenzen-und-med","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bergakademie_freiberg","author":"Polzin, Tino"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"58","owner_name":"Freiberg, Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Technischen Universit\u00e4t Bergakademie","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-105","owner_isil_short":"DE-105","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/tu-freiberg.de\/universitaet\/einrichtungen\/sammlungen-tubaf\/kunst-und-kulturgut\/kunstbesitz\/sammlung-muenzen-und-med","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bergakademie_freiberg","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/58","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"729","nominal_de":"Denar (ANT)","nominal_en":"Denarius (ANT)","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/denarius","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4257529-1","info_de":"","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/729"},"date_last":"2025-05-16 23:06:54","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"263","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/263","region_name_de":"Italia","region_name_en":"Italia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/greek_italy","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"678","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/678","mint_name":"Rom","mint_name_de":"Rom","mint_name_en":"Rome","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/rome","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3169070"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"","die_axis":"12 h","weight":"2.09 g","accession":"","access_year":"1817","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"3","access_type_name":"Schenkung","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4052258-1","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/3"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"30.06.1817","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"IMP M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG","image_description":"Drapierte Panzerb\u00fcste des Gordianus II. mit Lorbeerkranz in der R\u00fcckenansicht nach r.","foto_date":"2017-09-04","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"1","photographer_name":"Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/var\/www\/html\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/mk-edit\/images\/n2\/2643\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1659968566,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiberg, Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Technischen Universit\u00e4t Bergakademie, ID2643. Aufnahme durch Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiberg, Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Technischen Universit\u00e4t Bergakademie, ID2643. Photographs by Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"VICT - ORIA AVGG","image_description":"Victoria schreitet nach l. In der ausgestreckten r. Hand Kranz, in der l. Hand Palmwedel.","foto_date":"2017-09-04","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"1","photographer_name":"Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/var\/www\/html\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/mk-edit\/images\/n2\/2643\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.ub.tu-freiberg.de\/image\/ID2643\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1659968603,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiberg, Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Technischen Universit\u00e4t Bergakademie, ID2643. Aufnahme durch Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Freiberg, Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Technischen Universit\u00e4t Bergakademie, ID2643. Photographs by Angela Kugler-Kie\u00dfling."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"3","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"RIC IV-II 2 (Rom, 238 n. Chr.); Wernersche M\u00fcnzsammlung III S. 64 Nr. 1 (dieses Objekt, Rom, ca. 03.-04.238 n. Chr.).","comment":"","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","name_en":null,"description_de":"30 v. - 283 n. Chr.","description_en":null,"concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/4"},"year_start":"238","year_end":"238","date_verbal":"238 n. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":46,"souce":"RIC IV-2 Gordianus II","number":"0002","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"2414":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/ocre\/id\/ric.4.gor_ii.2"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"50":{"ikmk_type_id":"50","type_name_de":"Vorbesitzer","type_name_en":"previous Owner","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4447273-0","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/50","items":{"7933":{"ikmk_person_id":"7933","title_de":"Bergrat","first_name_de":"Abraham Gottlob","last_name_de":"Werner","vitalDates":"25.09.1749 - 30.06.1817","title_en":null,"first_name_en":"Abraham Gottlob","last_name_en":"Werner","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118767089":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118767089","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Gottlob_Werner":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Gottlob_Werner","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Gottlob_Werner":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abraham_Gottlob_Werner","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/17302991":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/17302991","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q58751":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q58751","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/7933":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/7933"},"year_from":"0","year_until":"0"}}},"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/54","items":{"734":{"ikmk_person_id":"734","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Gordianus II.","vitalDates":"um 192-238 n. Chr.","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Gordianus II","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119166305":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119166305","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II","https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/gordian_ii":"https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/gordian_ii","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47565555":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47565555","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG91490":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG91490","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1803":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1803","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/734":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/734"}}}},"57":{"ikmk_type_id":"57","type_name_de":"Autorit\u00e4t","type_name_en":"Authority","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/authority","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051614252","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/57","items":{"734":{"ikmk_person_id":"734","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Gordianus II.","vitalDates":"um 192-238 n. Chr.","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Gordianus II","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119166305":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/119166305","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordian_II","https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/gordian_ii":"https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/gordian_ii","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47565555":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47565555","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG91490":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG91490","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1803":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1803","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/734":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/734"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword_de":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"76","keyword_de":"Gegenst\u00e4nde","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4121320-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300311889"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"45","keyword_de":"G\u00f6tter","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4021469-2","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300343850"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"22","keyword_de":"Italien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4027833-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/1000080"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"31","keyword_de":"M\u00fcnzstand: Antike Herrscher","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"43","keyword_de":"Portr\u00e4ts","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4006627-7","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300015637"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"7","keyword_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit, 1. Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword_de":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"45","timeline_item":"Die Krise des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.","description":"Mit dem Ende der Severischen Kaiserfamilie (193\u2013235 n. Chr.) wurden zahlreiche Probleme des r\u00f6mischen Reiches offensichtlich. Barbarische St\u00e4mme bedrohten die Grenzgebiete, das dort stationierte Heer rief in schneller Folge einzelne Befehlshaber zu Kaisern aus. Die Zentrale in Rom verlor zunehmend und immer h\u00e4ufiger die Kontrolle \u00fcber einzelne Provinzen: Die Epoche der sogenannten Soldatenkaiser hatte begonnen. Diese krisenhafte Situation wurde ab der Mitte des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. besonders augenscheinlich. Valerianus I. (reg. ab 254) geriet 260 n. Chr. als erster r\u00f6mischer Kaiser in Gefangenschaft, sein Sohn Gallienus hatte mit zahlreichen Usurpatoren und Abspaltungen zu k\u00e4mpfen. In diese Zeit f\u00e4llt aber nicht nur der H\u00f6hepunkt der Geldentwertung als ein Kennzeichen der andauernden wirtschaftlichen Krise, sondern auch erste Ans\u00e4tze von Reformversuchen des Milit\u00e4rs, der Verwaltung und des Finanzwesens durch Gallienus und seine Nachfolger. Wirklicher Erfolg sollte aber erst den umfangreichen Ma\u00dfnahmen des Diocletianus (reg. 284\u2013305 n. Chr.) verg\u00f6nnt sein.","year_from":"235","year_until":"283","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}